![amoeba proteus amoeba proteus](https://images.fineartamerica.com/images-medium-large-5/amoeba-proteus-gerd-guenther.jpg)
It is the process of internal balance between water and dissolves materials irrespective of environmental conditions.The carbon dioxide gas is diffusing in the surrounding water as well as in water discharged by the contractile vacuole by the same process of diffusion.Metabolic wastes like carbon dioxide and water are formed by the oxidation of carbohydrates and fats.The energy which is produced during the oxidation reaction is stored in the high energy bonds of ATP and used for the life activities of the organism.In the body, the absorbed oxygen gases bring about the enzymatic breakdown (oxidation) the complex food material like carbohydrates, fats, and even proteins into simple compounds.The oxygen gas diffused inside the body is used up by Amoeba.Respiration occurs in it by the process of diffusion through the general body surface (plasmalemma) which is permeable to the oxygen gases dissolved in the surrounding water.Amoeba has no special respiratory organs.Respiration is the process of interchange of oxygen coming inwards and carbon dioxide going outwards.It is not yet been confirmed whether pinocytosis is a normal means of ingestion in Amoeba.įigure: Phagocytosis in Amoeba. The pinosomes are transported to cells where they then fused with a lysosome. From the internal ends of these channels, pinocytosis vesicles or pinosomes, containing engulfed liquid material. It is thought that plasma lemma bound with the colloidal food material forms pinocytosis channels which run from the surface deep into the endoplasm. It does not take place through the whole surface of the body of the amoeba. It is induced by proteins, inorganic ions, and certain dyes. It takes place by the cell through the plasma membrane. Pinocytosis: It is the ingestion of liquid food in bulk. Within an hour, the primary food vacuoles break down into smaller secondary vacuoles, these subdivide into numerous minute vacuoles which form a large portion of the endoplasmic content.Į. In a large primary food vacuole, the newly ingested organism may remain active. The ectoplasm along with food is enfolded as a tube into the endoplasm, and the food particle is sucked in, the plasmalemma disappears and ectoplasm changes into endoplasm. Invagination: In this method, food is adhered to by toxic and sticky secretion of the ectoplasm. In other species of Amoeba, food is ingested by import and invagination.ĭ. By repeating this process, the Amoeba can also ingest and roll up long filaments of algae. Circumfluence: In this method, when Amoeba comes in contact with less active or immobile bacteria, a pseudopodium comes in contact with bacteria and envelope it completely in a food vacuole within the cytoplasm. This method of ingestion is used for capturing active prey like flagellate or ciliate.Ĭ. The food cup does not touch the food, but edges of the food cup fuse around the food to form a non-contractile food vacuole with a considerable amount of water. Circumvallation: In this method, Amoeba sends out the pseudopodia around the prey forming a cup-like structure called a food cap. Import: in this method food such as algal filament on contact passively sinks into the body by rupturing the plasmalemma and ectoplasm at the point of contact. According to Rhumbler (1930), Amoeba takes its food in 4 possible ways depending upon the nature of the food.Ī.Amoeba captures or engulfs the prey (food) forming food vacuole by pushing out pseudopodia.There is no mouth or definite organelles for food intake.Ingestion is the process of taking the food into the body either by swallowing or absorbing it.